Problems of global waste

Problems of global waste The caring for and management of global waste is a global concern for the Earth as the population of Earth grows, and places where waste is deposited becomes a problem. Waste of various kinds is a danger to human health, wildlife preservation, and the environment in a broad range of aspects including how waste affects water supplies, soil contamination, and hazardous environments that remain or become uninhabitable. As the human population grows, so does consumption, and with that consumption huge amounts of waste are formed. concerning the management and the future of how waste is handled locally and globally, as it is a global problem not just local. How people and wildlife can cope with or without a world filled with hazardous material left over from various human activities caused from their disposal of waste. municipal solid waste of most human households affect how we live and how we affect the environment. How medical waste that is thrown in places where it may come into conta ct with the human population and how it can spread disease. How hazardous waste that is perceived by the public as the most potentially dangerous waste, can prove to be fatal if left untreated in populated areas . Is the future of waste management that of recycling or turning waste into usable energy such as electricity and other powered devices. Waste problems do not only affect local environments but the global environments as a whole. Unfortunately when waste is put into landfills the waste does not disappear just because the human eye can no longer see it does not mean the earth and global habitats dont feel the consequences. There are many kinds of waste that effect the world. they are classified by their physical, chemical and biological characteristics of their compounds . Solid waste materials can contain less than 70% water. Solid waste can be materials as household garbage, industrial wastes, mining wastes, and oilfield wastes. Liquid wastes contain less than 1% solids. Liquid waste can contain high concentrations of salts and metals. Sludge is whats in between liquid and solid. Sludge is usually made up of 3% and 25% solids, everything else is water dissolved materials. Landfills affect pollution levels of the environment the contamination of groundwater and aquifers that are used for consumption by humans and anim als the leakage of waste and soil contamination methane gas caused by decaying organic wastes methane which is a greenhouse gas more potent and deadly than carbon dioxide it can cause severe problems for the local environment around the waste site they can also be disease zones can cause outbreaks of certain diseases to the surrounding area and problems of annoyance and health risks such as dust, pests, bad odor, and other problems. Alternative methods can help the environment such as waste reduction and recycling incineration of waste can also reduce waste problems but when waste is burned harmful substances affect our air quality and health. When Waste is burned in incinerators It is a more expensive alternative way of disposal than landfills. In the united states the EPA reported 118.5 million tons or 57 percent of the united states total waste were managed in landfills. Todays incinerators are capable of destroying around 99.9% of the organic waste material that are put into the furnaces. Also this can produce a form of usable energy for Numerous thermal processes that recover energy from the burnt solid waste. waste organizations burn wastes in incinerators to produce steam for energy and is cleaner. Garbage as plastic and other non organic substances burned in incinerators poisons water soil and the air. Areas of life that are near incinerators have objected to them because of fears of harmful pollution. There are drawbacks to the use of incinerators but it is one of the measures that can reduce organic waste problems. In the United states 33.5 million tons of waste or 16 percent total were combusted at high temperatures. Recycling methods are becoming more popular worldwide. Recycling can also be a way to gather energy through thermal treatment from using waste as a way to use for appliances, and too make boilers to produce steam and electricity in a turbine. When items that would be waste if not recycled can be reused and prevent waste of reusable mate rials, lowers the need to keep making more items that would be more waste, and keeps the environment safer than use of other waste management methods like incineration and to prevent water pollution from landfills. recycling has also lower greenhouse gas that is a major concern for our planet. Recyclable products are many items from glass, paper, metal, plastic, textiles, and electronics that are refurbished cleaned and gone through different checks to make sure they are safe for re-consumption. unfortunately recycling methods tend to be very expensive alternatives to traditional waste management and for this reason they are turned away for much more environmental damaging solutions. The Environmental Protection Agency reported that 56 million tons or 27 percent of Americas total waste were recovered by recycling. The EPA is encouraging recycling and that recycling in the united states has reduced the countrys total carbon emissions. Recycling has caused some controversy by critics as they often say that the practice is too expensive and not as effective as other methods as incineration which produces energy that is used more than the reused products that are saved from recycling and how landfills are becoming more organized and more environmentally friendly than in the past. To Methods to turn waste into energy as discussed with how incinerators create energy are called Waste-to-energy and is becoming increasingly popular as it turns harmful waste into energy in the form of heat of electricity from the incineration of the waste materials. This form of waste management produce electricity in the form of combustion or produce a combustible fuel in the form of ethane methanol methane and also synthetic fuels that can power various equipments. There are also some very new and developing technologies that produce energy from waste and other fuels without direct combustion like that of incinerators. These new forms of energy producing waste deduction have the poten tial to produce more electric power amount of fuel than would be by direct combustion. The converted fuel produce a higher combustion temperatures. A modern form of waste management is Plasma arc gasification it uses a very high electrical energy and the extreme temperatures created by an electrical arc gasifies. The arc converts waste into elemental gas and solid waste in a plasma converter. this method has been intended to be a generator of electricity, depending what the composition of input wastes are and to reduce the volumes of waste being sent to landfill mounds. Another method of making waste or other products into energy is gasification which converts carbon materials like coal and petroleum into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by placing the materials in a high temperature within a controlled setting of oxygen and steam. This forms synthesis gas and is a fuel. mechanical biological treatment system facilities is a sorting facility that takes care of biological treatment such as anaerobic digestion and composting . mechanical biological treatment facilities are designed to process household wastes along with commercial and industrial wastes.

Medication Errors Essay

When doing the job of nursing one of the most important aspects is patient safety. The biggest danger to patients is medication. A medication error is when the nurse gives a patient the wrong medication or the dose of medication could be wrong. The danger of the medication error is that it can lead to an over dose, a reaction, or even death to a patient. There are several things to know when dealing with medication errors like who should fill it out, who should receive a completed report, why would you fill one out, what is included, and what a near miss is. The first thing to know is that it is the responsibility of the nurse who made or discovers the medication error. Once the report is filled out then it is given to the unit nurse supervisor then forward to the QI department. There are several reasons why you would fill out a report such as: Omission error, Wrong dose, Wrong route, Wrong rate, Wrong drug, Wrong time, Wrong duration of treatment, Wrong patient, Wrong preparation of a dose, Incorrect administration technique. The most common things that cause medication errors are illegibly written orders, dispensing errors, calculation errors, monitoring errors, administration errors. When filling out a medication report you should describe the error or preventable adverse drug reaction and what went wrong? Was this an actual medication accident (reached the patient) or are you expressing concern about a potential error or writing about an error that was discovered before it reached the patient? Type of practice site (hospital, private office, retail pharmacy, drug company, long-term care facility, etc.). Generic name (INN or official name) of all products involved. Brand name of all products involved. Dosage form, concentration or strength, etc. Where error was based on communication problem, is a sample of the order available? Are samples or pictures available if requested? State your recommendations for error prevention. You also have to include your name, email, fax, address, title, phone, and location. A near miss is any Circumstance, process, or event that did not reach the patient, but has the potential to cause harm. It is considered a medication  error but one of the best turn outs of medication error is a near miss. There should never be any reason for medication errors but they do happen in real life.

Struggles, Dreams And Hopes Lorraine Hansberry s Play

Struggles, Dreams and Hopes Lorraine Hansberry’s play, A Raisin in the Sun, is a great example of the struggles faced by an impoverished black family; who strive to deal with the realities of life on the ghetto side of South Chicago. Written in the 1958, this play illustrates the destructive consequences of impecuniousness and repression on African American families. Throughout the play, Hansberry (who is he, describe) shows the day-to-day struggles of a black family and explains the different perspectives on the American Dream. Each character in the play have their own hopes and dreams, however, these end up clashing with one another. Hansberry uses the Younger family to show that despite oppression and subjugation; a dream to live a better life is achievable with family unity and support. Throughout the play, many conflicts arise between the main characters; Mama, Walter, Ruth and Beneatha. An example of one conflict is poverty, which causes tension to escalate within the Y ounger family. Everyone in the play has different dreams, yet they have the same goal to overcome poverty. In the opening scene, Hansberry describes the living conditions of the Younger family, who live in Chicago s South Side in a congested two-bedroom apartment with no bathroom of their own. This location is historic because during the 1950s, it was predominantly a poverty-stricken neighborhood largely populated by African Americans. As a result of â€Å"discriminatory real estate practices† andShow MoreRelatedGreat American Play By Lorraine Hansberry Essay1476 Words   |  6 PagesIntro: Opportunity and inequality have been portrayed in America since It’s existence. 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In 1954, many people during that time supported segregationRead MoreEssay on Follow Your Dreams1914 Words   |  8 PagesDreams are aspirations that reflect a human’s wants and desires in life. They are a fundamental element that drives human beings to achieve the impossible. Dreams have the ability to motivate oneself to set goals and ideals for the future. Each person in some part of their life has had desires that they would like to accomplish. Without these desires, there is nothing to motivate one’s actions and attitude. However, most peop le believe that satisfaction only exists once a dream is achieved. LouisaRead MoreThe Groundbreaking Movement : The Seminal Movement1834 Words   |  8 PagesSome of the artists that benefited from this social movement were Langston Hughes, Countee Cullens, Margaret Walker, James Baldwin, Alice Walker, and Lorraine Hansberry. However, these are just a very minute percentage of the art population. For these artists, Morgan believed that â€Å"Social Realism became the vanguard in the African American struggle for equality and racial injustice in the Depression Era in America, and perhaps it has been (476). She also suggests that the way they elected to expressRead MoreEveryday Use, Lorraine Hansberry And The Sun, And Langston Hughes s Poetry Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Everyday Use,† Lorraine Hansberry play â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun,† and Langston Hughes’s poems â€Å"Harlem† and â€Å"Theme for English B† they evaluate the social const ruction of African Americans. What makes these authors so alike is the similarities that they share; being that they were all born in the early 1900’s, are all of African American ethnicity, and acknowledge the social construct of African Americans in these works. Looking at each of these works of literature they represent the struggles that AfricanRead More Unfulfilled Dreams in Lorraine Hansberrys Raisin in the Sun2536 Words   |  11 PagesWhat happens to a dream when it suspends in time? Does it stay suspended within a man through his lifetime, dormant, unreachable, and far away? Does its power grow and ultimately force him to act to make it happen sometime in the future-if not in his lifetime then in the future members of his kin? On the other hand, does it eat away at him, crystallizing and internally segmenting his own derived purpose and meaning of life until it is indiscernible from its original state of grandeur and grace? ThoseRead More Walter Lee Younger in Lorra ine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun1053 Words   |  5 PagesWalter Lee Younger in Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun No matter how hard they try, there are some people who cannot get ahead in life. Walter Lee Younger is a man who is frustrated with his current position in life, and every disappointment he has encountered thus far. Although he tries to be a loving man, sometimes he does not know how to show the idea of love, Sometimes...sometimes...I dont even know how to try (Hansberry 89). His position in life can be regarded as symbolic ofRead MoreA Raisin Of The Sun By Lorraine Hansberry894 Words   |  4 PagesA Raisin in the sun by Lorraine Hansberry there are three major female characters represent three different spectrums of their lives. A Raisin in the Sun a number of social issues are both explicitly and subtly exemplified through out the characters experiences and relationships. First, Hansberry introduce Beneatha who is twenty year old college student with dreams of becoming a doctor in her life. Second, the author mention Ruth as a soft character in the story that wants to become we althy andRead MoreLorraine Hansberrys Raisin In The Sun1883 Words   |  8 PagesOver 5 decades ago Lorraine Hansberry wrote a play, Raisin in the Sun, about a family living in Chicago  during the Civil Rights Era.   The play illustrates a realistic portrait of African-American life during the late 50’s early 60’s.   The family comes into some money as a result of the Patriarch of the family passing away.   This insurance check presents an opportunity for each member of the family to realize their dreams in order to escape the ghetto.   However, each family member/character dealsRead MoreA Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry2035 Words   |  8 PagesLorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun is a remarkable play written in 1959 by an African American author about an African American family. This time period was in the early days of the modern awakening of civil rights awareness. It was a timely play challenging the then current stereotypical view of a black family by depicting a realistic portrayal of a specific black family with aspirations, hopes, dreams, dignity, and ambition as would be expected from all families regardless of race. The

Blood Agents What are they - 1300 Words

Blood Agents: What are they? The term blood agents came about because at the time they were first introduced, it was believed that, they had an effect on the actual blood itself. This was due to the bright red color it caused its victims, not for the true effects that these agents have on the oxygen in the blood. Blood agents are chemical agents that lessen the amount of oxygen in the blood stream. They do this in one of two ways: they either prohibit oxygen from entering the blood or obstruct the blood and keep it from moving from one place in the body to another. Exposure may result from inhalation, ingestion, injection, and/or skin contact. The chemicals known as blood agents are hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, arsine,†¦show more content†¦Because of its highly poisonous traits, it was quickly recruited as a chemical warfare agent. The French used a sizable amount of cyanide in World War I without great success. During World War II, the United States retained a small quantity of cyanide weapons. Hydrogen cyanide and cyanogen chloride are kept hold of due to their nature to act quickly and, at high doses, become hard to filter in the air (Spiers, 1986). Supposedly Japan used cyanide against China before World War II, and it’s thought that Iraq used it against the Kurds in the 1980’s (Chemical Casualty Care Office, 1995). Cyanogen chloride is a volatile gas when above 20 degrees Fahrenheit, but it is a liquid when colder. It has an irritating odor similar to pepper, and may cause death within 6-8 minutes in high concentrations and confined spaces. It also causes immediate symptoms such as irritation to the eyes and lungs, so it is effective in low doses as an irritant (Murphy-Lavoie Martinez, 2013). Cyanogen chloride forms cyanide in the body or when exposed to water. In addition, when in high doses, it can penetrate gas masks much more quickly than other agents (Spiers,1986). Cyanogen chloride was first created in 1802 by a French chemist. It is used in mining and metalworking, and has been associated with poisoning from items such as dyes, photography, and agriculture. The French and British were first to use this agent in World War I. Although the United States retained cyanogenShow MoreRelatedThe History Of Blood Agents And Their Presences In Industry.970 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Blood Agents and their Presences in Industry SSG Sanders, Charles A. 17 February 2017 SLC 001-017 World War I was known as the chemist war because a lot of the modern day chemical weapons were developed, improved and employed during this time. Blood agents got their start a few centuries early, but did not see tactical use until the first Great War. In this paper I will discuss the origin and types of blood agents. Hydrogen cyanide is the most effective of the blood agentsRead MoreThe Use Of Dmards1298 Words   |  6 Pagesanakinra.Rituximab and toclizumab The practitioners mostly used methotrexate to diagnose the infected patients with other frequently used agents including sulfasalazine and leflunomide.The agents that are less commonly used by practitioners are sodium aurothiomalate (gold) and cyclosporine because of common effects they have after usage. The modifying agents can sometimes used in combinations. Methotrexane is the most significance and useful DMARD and they regard and recommend it as the first oneRead MoreGeneric Name : Anticoagulant And Antithrombotic Agent1334 Words   |  6 Pagesantithrombotic agent DOSAGE: 1mg, 2mg, 3mg, 5mg, and 10mg oral initially 10mg orally daily for 2-4 days then maintenance dose of 2-10 dosage daily WHAT IS IT USED FOR: warfarin is a blood thinner, which reduces the formation of blood clot. Warfarin is used to treat or prevent blood clots in veins or arteries which can be reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: In a heart attack, the blood clots can form at the site of the rupture, if the blood clots get larger; the blood clots getRead MoreChemical Weapons: Weapons of Mass Destruction Essay1669 Words   |  7 Pageswarfare are considered to beâ€Å"weapons of mass destruction† or, WMDs, and are not considered to be conventional weapons. Chemical warfare does not depend upon explosive force to neutralize targets; it depends on the chemical properties of a chemical agent weaponized. Defoliants are an example.They are used to kill off vegetation and deny its use of cover by the enemy. â€Å"Defoliants can also be used against agriculture and livestock to promote hunger and starvation but with protective equipment, and decontaminationRead Moreâ€Å"We haven’t figured how this was done,† Bianchi said pointing to the large hole in the wall ten1300 Words   |  6 Pagesman went through it,† he said looking a little bewildered. â€Å"Don’t be stupid,† Bianchi said pulling him away. Stepping towards the hole as Bianchi talked to his subordinate Merrick began sniffing for clues as inconspicuously as he could. There was no blood but some of the wood splinters and jagged tin had tiny little fibers on them and those tiny little fibers had a distinctive scent. Gently grabbing one and sniffing it he could tell it was a Chakan who made this hole. Nathan! Merrick thought observingRead MoreDiseases And Viruses Are Preventable Harmful, Dr. Sharon Moalem1280 Words   |  6 Pagesus through iron loading by the time we reach what is now Middle Ages? Because it will protect us from a disease that is killing everyone long before that.† Overtime, people would think that evolution would get rid of terrible diseases. However, evolution has actually kept diseases like hemochromatosis, favism and diabetes in the gene pool because these diseases seem to have helped us. Without them, the human race may be completely different from what we know it to be. Hemochromatosis is a diseasesRead MorePreparation Buffers1323 Words   |  6 Pageswater and a chemical which gives it unique properties with regard to its pH. The chemical is referred to as buffer agent. The buffer agent resists changes in pH when exposed to bases and acids. The aforementioned property makes it useful in dealing with various chemical accidents, protecting sensitive equipment and balancing internal processes of a number of living things. A buffer agent dissolved in water makes a buffer solution. It is constituted of (HA) an acid and a conjugate base (A-) mixed inRead MoreEssay on History of Chemistry: Chemical Weapons802 Words   |  4 PagesThere are Blister Agents, Nerve Agents, Blood Agents, and Choking Agents. All of these agents being chemically and illegally formed. The first being Vesicant, or blister agents. These contained mustard gas or C4H8Cl2S. It left its victims covered in water blisters that were painful beyond belief. These blisters are caused by the chemicals increasing the skins sensitivity to light, making it burn severely. Next is Nerve Agents, which are considered to be organophosphates. 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Anyway, forgetfulness usually comes first, and the fact that you are a bit forgetful doesnt necessarily mean you have Alzheimers, as progression